Abstract
2,2′,3,4-Tetrahydroxy-3′,5′-disulphoazobenzene (tetrahydroxyazon 2S) has been synthesized for the first time. This reagent has been used for the spectrophotometric determination of aluminium and indium ions. The method is very sensitive and selective for the direct determination of aluminium and indium. The optimum pH and absorbance of complexes formed of tetrahydroxyazon 2S with aluminium and indium are 5; 500 nm and 495 nm for Al and In, respectively. The system obeys Beer's law at 0.05–1.6 μg mL−1 of aluminium and 0.06–2.1 μg mL−1 of indium concentration. The molar absorptivity is 6.42 × 104 L mol−1 cm−1 for aluminium and 7.70 × 104 L mol−1 cm−1 for indium. The molar compositions of the complexes are 1:1 at optimum conditions. Alkaline and alkaline earth elements, halogens, thiourea, ascorbic acid, Cd(II), Pb(II), Mn(II), Zn(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cr(III), Bi(III), La(III), Si(IV) do not interfere this method. The method can be applied to the direct spectrophotometric determination of trace amounts of aluminium in steel, alloys, waste water, river waters, spring water and ground water. The method was also successfully applied to the indium determination in artificial mixture.
Keywords: 2,2′,3,4-Tetrahydroxy-3′,5′-disulphoazobenzene; Tetrahydroxyazon 2S; Aluminium; Indium; Spectrophotometric determination
2,2′,3,4-Tetrahydroxy-3′,5′-disulphoazobenzene (tetrahydroxyazon 2S) has been synthesized for the first time. This reagent has been used for the spectrophotometric determination of aluminium and indium ions. The method is very sensitive and selective for the direct determination of aluminium and indium. The optimum pH and absorbance of complexes formed of tetrahydroxyazon 2S with aluminium and indium are 5; 500 nm and 495 nm for Al and In, respectively. The system obeys Beer's law at 0.05–1.6 μg mL−1 of aluminium and 0.06–2.1 μg mL−1 of indium concentration. The molar absorptivity is 6.42 × 104 L mol−1 cm−1 for aluminium and 7.70 × 104 L mol−1 cm−1 for indium. The molar compositions of the complexes are 1:1 at optimum conditions. Alkaline and alkaline earth elements, halogens, thiourea, ascorbic acid, Cd(II), Pb(II), Mn(II), Zn(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cr(III), Bi(III), La(III), Si(IV) do not interfere this method. The method can be applied to the direct spectrophotometric determination of trace amounts of aluminium in steel, alloys, waste water, river waters, spring water and ground water. The method was also successfully applied to the indium determination in artificial mixture.
Keywords: 2,2′,3,4-Tetrahydroxy-3′,5′-disulphoazobenzene; Tetrahydroxyazon 2S; Aluminium; Indium; Spectrophotometric determination
Article Outline
1. Introduction
2. Experimental
2.1. Apparatus
2.2. Chemicals
2.3. Synthesis of tetrahydroxyazon 2S
2.4. General procedure
3. Results and discussion
3.1. Absorption spectra
3.2. Determination of tetrahydroxyazon 2S dissociation constants
3.3. Effect of pH
3.4. Effect of the ligand concentration
3.5. Effect of the temperature and standing time
3.6. Calibration curve
3.7. Effect of interfering species
3.8. Composition of the complex
4. Applications
4.1. Determination of aluminium in industrial waste water
4.2. Determination of aluminium in water samples
4.3. Determination of aluminium in steels and alloys
4.4. Determination of indium in artificial mixture
5. Conclusion
Acknowledgements
References
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